Process factors affect the surface roughness of CNC cutting workpieces
All along,we are very concerned about the surface roughness of CNC lathe workpieces,except that the individual products require rough products,generally we will be the smoother the better the quality of the workpiece.Considering the influence of the process on the roughness of the workpiece from the viewpoint of the process,there are firstly related elements related to the cutting tool,elements related to the material of the workpiece,and elements related to the processing conditions.
The quality of the machined surface has a great influence on the performance of the part.The characteristic objectives of measuring the quality of the surface of the cut workpiece are firstly the appearance roughness,the residual residual stress and the degree of surface work hardening.Among the three objectives that characterize the quality of the part's appearance,the most important factor affecting the performance of the part is the roughness of the workpiece.
The appearance roughness of the part directly and obviously affects the conflict and wear,and the rougher the appearance,the more severe the wear.At the beginning of wear,the microscopic peaks of the surface roughness are quickly smoothed,and the amount of wear increases rapidly;after a period of work,the touch area between the moving surfaces increases,and the rate of wear slows down.If the surface is finely lubricated,the height and sharpness of the microscopic peaks are small,so the finely-lubricated appearance is more wear-resistant than the rough surface.
However,the appearance is too lubricious,which is not conducive to the storage of lubricating oil,but will increase the conflict coefficient of the appearance,causing the appearance of the metal to heat up and causing"gluing".During the cutting process of the vertical machining center,the process parameters such as cutting speed,feed rate and depth of cut will affect the cutting force.The cutting force and cutting temperature are two related elements.Generally,the higher the cutting force,the higher the cutting temperature.High,the more fierce the oscillation of a vertical machining center.
The cutting speed is different.The frequency of the oscillation of the machining equipment is encouraged by the outside world.The closer the frequency is to the natural frequency of the oscillation of the vertical machining center,the simpler the vibration of the mechanical equipment is intensified.
In order to obtain the augmented roughness of the workpiece during the machining process,a cutting force and cutting temperature detection system was designed in an attempt to establish the relationship between the cutting force,the cutting temperature and the surface roughness of the machined workpiece.In the research,the cutting force,cutting temperature and mechanical equipment oscillation are controlled by selecting the appropriate cutting speed,feed rate,cutting depth and other process parameters in the cutting process,and then the required workpiece surface roughness value is obtained.